"I've Got More of a Role to Play": Australian Fathers' Perspectives on Parenting Through the Lens of COVID-19 Lockdown

Using interviews with 15 Australian fathers, we explored the impact of having spent time in COVID-19 lockdown on men's views of their relationship with their children and family-work life balance. All interviewees were married to women and living with their children, most were employed and working full-time. Three themes were identified from the interviews: an ongoing desire to be present as a father, benefits to being present through COVID-19 lockdowns for self as a father and for the children, and conflicting pressures from workplaces and at home which were barriers to being present. Survey data 1 year later revealed that many of these fathers had shifted their work patterns because of their lockdown experience. Shifts in workplace culture and behavior were identified as supporting flexible working arrangements. Despite the immediate challenges of lockdown, it provided the opportunity for some fathers to reevaluate their priorities resulting in long-term changes in working patterns.

From Male "Chance Narratives" to Female "Defeat Narratives": Researchers in Catalonia Narrating the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on their Lives and Jobs

This article proposes a three-fold typology to classify the narratives of forty-eight researchers in Catalonia describing the impact the first year of the Covid-19 pandemic had on their professional and personal lives: a "chance narrative," which presents the pandemic as an occasion for growth;a "resistance narrative," according to which the pandemic presents a burden, but one is skilled enough to navigate it successfully;and a "defeat narrative," for which the pandemic deeply shattered one's well-being. This analysis reveals that each narrative type is produced by researchers with certain sociodemographic features-defeat narratives were mostly produced by female researchers, holding precarious contracts, and assuming most of the increase of childcare and domestic work. These findings are consistent with studies revealing that the implementation of the "new fatherhood model" is limited and might orient the design of policies aimed at reducing gender discrimination in academia, both in Catalonia and beyond.

Relation between young children's anger and fathers' mental health during the covid-19 epidemic: Moderating role of gender and child number

The father-child interaction deserves attention during the COVID-19 epidemic. This study administrated the Child Anger Questionnaire and the SCL-90 Symptom Checklist to collect primary data from 1862 fathers of Chinese young children during the COVID-19 outbreak, examined the relation between young children's anger and their fathers' mental health, and verified whether the relation was moderated by the gender or the child number. The results demonstrated that the detection rate of anger among Chinese young children was 60.08%, the scores of SCL-90 factors of their fathers were significantly lower than the Chinese normal adult male norms and those of infant parents, and the anger of young children had a significant effect on their fathers' mental health. Gender and child number moderated this relation. It is of great significance to strengthen the attention to the anger of young children and the mental health of fathers during the period of public health emergencies, and to promote the harmonious interpersonal relationship between young children and their fathers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

A phenomenology study: the experience of a family with COVID-19 infected family members

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new type of virus with a high intensity of spreading and has been becoming the world's health problem. People with Covid-19 need support from their families and communities, such as support in psychology, existence, relationship, growth necessity, community concern, and also supports in the religious sectors since they might affect the process of their recuperation. This research aims to explore and discover more deeply about an experience of a family whose members had already gotten infected by COVID-19. The research employed a qualitative approach with the phenomenology study method. The research participants were 8 people aged between 18 and 60 years old who were the main members of the family (father, mother, and children), and they lived in the same house along with the other members who had already been infected by COVID-19. The samples were hired by using the purposive sampling method. The data was collected by applying an interactively in-depth interview with the participants. The results of the research found that the psychological responses of the family when knowing its members got infected by COVID-19 caused the family to be anxious and frustrated. However, the spiritual responses given by the family made the fay to be more grateful and closer to God. Thus, the family and its members with covid-19 needed social support form of motivation as well as support in the fulfillment of basic needs, family affections, and medicines. It was concluded that the family's experience with family members who have been affected by COVID-19, can be an illustration, for other families when facing the same problem.

The impact of COVID-19 on the family and working life of fathers with young children

This study examined the impact of COVID-19 on the working style of fathers raising young children and its influence on their family and working life. Fathers with full-time jobs (N = 606) participated in this study in August 2020. The results indicated the following conclusions, (a) Only fathers in certain conditions (desk work, college graduate, high income, etc.) increased the number of days working from home, (b) The fathers who worked from home because of COVID-19 reported "doing family" (active, responsive, and generative involvement in the family) more than others, (c) The fathers who worked from home and had working spouses negotiated more with their spouses and work colleagues, (d) Changes in working style increased "doing family," and improved satisfaction with family and work, and the satisfaction with their lives. Actualizing fathers' life careers through the societal change of work environments was discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

'Oh sorry, I've muted you!': Issues of connection and connectivity in qualitative (longitudinal) research with young fathers and family support professionals

The COVID-19 crisis has placed unique restrictions on social researchers in terms of how they conduct their research. It has also created opportunities for adaptation and critical reflection on methodological practice. This article considers how the unanticipated use of remote qualitative methods impacted processes of research connection and connectivity in qualitative (longitudinal) research. The reflections are based on fieldwork conducted for a qualitative longitudinal study about the parenting journeys and support needs of young fathers. We elaborate our key strategies and provide worked examples of how the research team modified their methods and responded in the crisis context. First, we consider questions of connection when seeking to (re)establish and retain connections with project stakeholders and marginalised participants through the pivot to remote methods. Second, we reflect on how processes of maintaining participation and interaction were impacted by practical and technological issues associated with the digitally mediated forms of connectivity available. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of International Journal of Social Research Methodology is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

PARENTING AND CARING FOR CHILDREN DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN CZECHIA IN 2020 AND 2021

This paper examines how couples with children aged 14 or under provided full-time childcare during three major Covid-19 lockdowns in Czechia. The analyses are based on the most recent data from the Czech GGS Covid pilot collected between December 2020 and February 2021, with a follow-up in April 2021. The results show that in all three lockdown periods, women were significantly more likely to be the ones left solely responsible for providing all-day childcare in the couple, even they were working as well as their partner. The odds of the woman being the sole provider of childcare increased with decreasing age and education, but also with the inability to flexibly adjust working hours. © 2023,Estudios Pedagogicos. All Rights Reserved.

Pathways to Children's Behavioral Problems during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Fathers' Parenting Stress and Parenting Approaches.

Although the family stress model theoretically focuses on the roles of both mothers and fathers as predictors of children's outcomes, studies generally have focused on mothers. The pandemic has brought additional burdens to parents' daily functioning, including fathers' involvement in childcare. The current study aimed to examine the contributions of fathers' parenting stress and parenting approaches to their children's behavior problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Particularly, we examined the indirect effects of parenting stress on children's behavior problems via parenting practices. The participants were 155 fathers (Mage = 36.87, SD = 5.11) and their children (71 girls, 84 boys; Mage = 59.52, SD = 14.98) from Turkish contexts. The fathers reported their parenting stress, approaches, and children's behavioral problems. The results from the path analysis showed that parenting stress predicted children's internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Parenting stress also predicted severe punishment and obedience as parts of the parenting approach. Finally, parenting stress was indirectly related to children's externalizing behaviors via the punishment-based parenting approach of fathers. The findings of the current study highlighted the importance of examining the roles of fathers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Intervention programs targeting reducing fathers' parenting stress and negative parenting approaches would also be beneficial for reducing children's behavioral problems.

Paternal Leave Entitlement and Workplace Culture: A Key Challenge to Paternal Mental Health.

Paternal mental health continues to be a health concern in the UK. Paternal leave entitlement and workplace cultures have failed to support fathers in navigating the complexity of fatherhood, which has an impact on fathers' wellbeing. Interviewing twenty fathers in the York area, this study seeks to explore the impact of parental leave entitlements and workplace cultures on fathers' mental health. The findings demonstrate that the influence of gendered norms and hegemonic masculinity perceptions are ingrained in the current leave entitlement and workplace cultures. While fathers are entitled to take leave, the leave is significantly insufficient to allow them to forge a meaningful bond with a newborn or adapt to the change in routine brought about by the birth of a baby. Furthermore, workplace cultures fail to recognise the responsibilities that come with fatherhood and provide insufficient support for fathers. The COVID-19 lockdown presented fathers with a unique opportunity to be available and take on more family responsibilities. Fathers felt they did not have to navigate gendered and hegemonic perceptions to spend more time with the family. This paper challenges structural and cultural barriers that prevent fathers from taking leave and impacting negatively on fathers' mental health. The paper suggests a review of the current paternal leave entitlement and cultural change in the workplace.

Parental burnout in mother and fathers of children with and without autism spectrum disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic

Objective: This project aimed to identify if and how experiences and functioning differ for mothers and fathers of typically developing (TD) children and mothers and fathers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary focus is on parental burnout and associated mental health problems, parenting behaviors, and child behavior problems. An exploratory aim examined the differences in parental resilience. Method: The sample was comprised of 185 parents of children with and without ASD ages 4 and 16 years. Parents self-reported on measures of psychological functioning, parental burnout, behaviors, and resilience, and child behaviors. Results: The ASD group was found to have higher levels of depression, anxiety, and all types of parental burnout. Fathers in the ASD group reported higher levels of anxiety, depression, and burnout than mothers. No differences were found between mothers and fathers or between groups in level of acceptance, but group and gender differences were found in use of psychological and firm control. Fathers in both groups reported lower levels of resilience related to knowledge of their child's characteristics relative to mothers. Fathers in the ASD group also reported lower levels of social support than mothers in the ASD group and fathers in the TD group. However, no differences were found between groups or between mothers and fathers in positive perception of parenting. Conclusions: This study sheds light on how parents' experiences of children with and without ASD differed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the high percentage of parents of children with ASD who reported parental burnout, it is essential for clinicians to assess parents' level of functioning and feelings related to their parenting role. This study also suggest that fathers are struggling more psychologically and are more severely burned out than mothers, which highlights the importance of the inclusion of fathers in both research and clinical services. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Exploring the lived experiences of African American fathers who were faculty members

Despite long-held, traditional gender role expectations in our society, fathers are seeing their roles as more than breadwinners and are contributing to caregiving duties at increasing rates. As a result, fathers are actively balancing participation in their home and work environments. As scholars produce literature on working fathers, it is essential to consider how specific occupations affect the work-life balance efforts of these parents. Scholars who study the experiences of faculty parents have often studied the perspectives of mothers. Fathers have received less scholarly attention. Factors related to gender norms, racial socialization, and climate may influence the experiences of fathers who were faculty members. Additionally, the COVID-19 global pandemic may present issues that affect the lived experiences of African American fathers who were faculty members, related to their workload and increased Racial Battle Fatigue (RBF). This research could make contributions not only to the literature on work-life balance for faculty parents but also to the literature on working fathers in particular.Therefore, the purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of African American fathers who were faculty members. I used social role theory as a theoretical guide. Using 20 semi-structured interviews via Zoom, I sought to provide insights into these men's lives. This information could be useful to those who support African American fathers who were faculty members, including coparents, institutional and departmental administrators, policymakers, faculty colleagues as well as faculty members themselves.The results were grouped into four findings. The first finding, Environmental Contexts and the Roles of Father and Faculty Member, focused on the contexts that both the COVID-19 pandemic and the sociopolitical climate created for this group of fathers. The second finding, Interpreting the Narratives of Black Men and Absent Black Fathers showed that the participants were aware of stereotypes and narratives of African American men as absent Black fathers. An emergent third finding related to Social Support and Work-Life Balance, was that most study participants were members of Black Greek Letter Organizations (BGLOs) and found instrumental, informational, and emotional social support from these relationships. Finally, through the fourth finding of this study, Microaggressions and Implicit Bias at Work, I revealed that experiences with microaggressions in the work environment, related to the participants being perceived as intimidating or characterized as the Angry Black Man, was a source of Mundane Extreme Environmental Stress (M.E.E.S.) for some participants. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Does Telework Mediate the Impact of Occupational Status on Work-to-Family Conflicts? An Investigation of Conditional Effects of Gender and the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study analyzes the effects of gender and occupational status differences on parents' work-to-family conflicts, comparing COVID-19 pandemic and pre-pandemic periods. It is examined whether this association is mediated by parents' telework. Theoretically, we use the work/family border theory and flexible resource versus greedy role perspectives to shed light on the gender- and status-related use of telework and illustrate the influence of flexible working practices on parents' work-to-family conflicts. Using moderated mediation analysis combined with bootstrapping, we analyze data from two waves of the German Family Panel (pairfam), covering pre-pandemic (2017/18, 2019/2020) and pandemic periods (2020) (N = 3,315). Our results show higher work-to-family conflicts for parents with higher occupational status as well as teleworking parents. Furthermore, we find supporting evidence for the mediation from occupational status to work-to-family conflicts via telework, with a slightly stronger relationship among mothers than fathers. Under the consideration of the pandemic, the mediating effect was only provable for mothers but not for fathers. However, the mediating effect of telework does not strengthen under the pandemic conditions. Our findings support the greedy role perspective, in particular for employees with higher-status occupations, and the assumption of a negative influence of work–family integration through telework for work-to-family conflicts.

Estudio psicométrico piloto de un instrumento para evaluar el funcionamiento familiar: corresponsabilidad y consenso

Resumen: El objetivo del estudio es validar un Inventarlo que evalúa las dinámicas de corresponsabilidad y consenso familiar, donde la comunicación, la negociación de conflictos y las emociones son ejes centrales de la parentalidad positiva. 220 progenitores respondieron a un instrumento de 18 ítems. Se analizaron fiabilidad y validez de la prueba: consistencia interna, análisis diferencial de los ítems e invarianza de la medida. Se confirmaron 3 factores: imagen de matern idad/patern idad, comunicación emocional y consenso familiar;se mantuvo la invarianza configuracional pero no la métrica ni escalar. Género, nivel de estudios y ocupación laboral determinarían la competencia parental de ser padre y madre.Alternate :The goal of this study was the validation of an instrument to assess co-responsibility strategies and family agreement. Considering positive parenting as framework, communication, conflict negotiation and emotions constituted central axes. 220 parents completed an 18 Likert-item instrument. The reliability and validity of the instrument were analyzed: internal consistency, differential items functioning and the analysis of measurement invariance. A 3-factor structure was revealed: beliefs about motherhood and fatherhood, emotional communication and family agreement. Configurational invariance was maintained but not metric and scalar ones. Gender, educational level and labor occupation seemed to determine the parenting competence to be mother and father.

Effects of a family-based lifestyle intervention on co-physical activity and other health-related outcomes of fathers and their children: the 'Run Daddy Run' intervention.

BACKGROUND: Fathers are important in establishing healthy behaviors in their children, but are rarely engaged in lifestyle programs. Focusing on physical activity (PA) of both fathers and their children by engaging them together in PA (i.e. "co-PA") is therefore a promising novel strategy for interventions. The study aim was to investigate the effect of the 'Run Daddy Run' on co-PA and PA of fathers and their children, and secondary outcomes such as weight status and sedentary behaviour (SB). METHODS: This study is a non-randomized controlled trial (nRCT), including 98 fathers and one of their 6 to 8 years old children (intervention = 35, control = 63). The intervention was implemented over a 14-week period, and consisted of six (inter)active father-child sessions and an online component. Due to COVID-19, only 2/6 sessions could be implemented as planned, the remaining sessions were delivered online. In November 2019-January 2020 pre-test measurements took place, and post-test measurements in June 2020. Additional follow-up test was conducted in November 2020. PA (i.e. LPA, MPA, VPA and volume) of fathers and children were objectively measured using accelerometry, co-PA and the secondary outcomes were questioned using an online questionnaire. RESULTS: Significant intervention effects were found for co-PA (+ 24 min./day in the intervention compared to the control group, p = 0.002), and MPA of the father (+ 17 min./day, p = 0.035). For children, a significant increase in LPA (+ 35 min./day, p < 0.001) was found. However, an inverse intervention effect was found for their MPA and VPA (-15 min./day, p = 0.005 and - 4 min./day, p = 0.002, respectively). Also decreases in fathers' and children's SB were found (-39 min./day, p = 0.022 and - 40 min./day, p = 0.003, respectively), but no changes in weight status, the father-child relationship, and the PA-family health climate (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The Run Daddy Run intervention was able to improve co-PA, MPA of fathers and LPA of children, and decreasing their SB. Inverse intervention effects were however found for MPA and VPA of children. These results are unique given their magnitude and clinical relevance. Targeting fathers together with their children might be a novel and potential intervention strategy to improve overall physical activity levels, however, further efforts should however be made to target children's MPA and VPA. Last, replicating these findings in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) is recommended for future research. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: This study is registered as a clinical trial (clinicaltrials.gov, ID number: NCT04590755, date: 19/10/2020).

Psychiatric symptoms and couple satisfaction in parents of newborns before and during the COVID-19 pandemic-A comparison of two prospective studies.

AIMS: To assess anxiety, depression, perceived stress, couple satisfaction and life satisfaction of parents of healthy newborns in two cohorts in 2015 and in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN: A prospective follow-up study. METHODS: We enrolled 60 parents of healthy newborns (n = 30 dyads) in 2015 and 60 parents (n = 30 dyads) in 2020. Both parents completed six valid and reliable questionnaires independently 1-2 days and 12 months after delivery: Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Couple Satisfaction Index and Life Satisfaction Scale-4. RESULTS: Anxiety was more common but couple satisfaction better in both parents during the COVID-19 pandemic than in 2015. Depressive symptoms and perceived stress were similarly low, and life satisfaction was similarly high in both cohorts, indicating ample parental resilience. There was a moderate positive association between previous mental health disorders and parental anxiety after delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Parental Postnatal Depression in the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review of Its Effects on the Parent-Child Relationship and the Child's Developmental Outcomes.

The international literature has shown that maternal and paternal postnatal depression (PND) is one of the most common mental illnesses in the perinatal period, with significant consequences for parent-infant relationships and infant development. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the rates of prevalence of PND, exacerbating the mental health risk for new families. This systematic review aims to examine the effect of maternal and paternal PND on parent-infant relationships and children's development in the first 36 months after childbirth during the COVID-19 outbreak. Eligible studies were identified using the following databases: Medline, CINAHL, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. Of the 1252 studies considered, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results showed that maternal PND significantly affected the quality of the early mother-infant relationship and the infant's motor, self-regulation, and socio-emotional development. In addition, the detrimental impact of maternal PND on the quality of early mother-infant relationships seems to become stronger as COVID-19 concerns increase. No studies included fathers. These findings strengthened the importance of planning targeted prevention and treatment strategies to prevent PND and its short- and long-term consequences, especially in the case of stressful and traumatic events. They also suggested the urgent need for further exploration of fathers.

Web-Based Conversations Regarding Fathers Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Content Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Studies of new and expecting parents largely focus on the mother, leaving a gap in knowledge about fathers. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to understand web-based conversations regarding new and expecting fathers on social media and to explore whether the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the web-based conversation. METHODS: A social media analysis was conducted. Brandwatch (Cision) captured social posts related to new and expecting fathers between February 1, 2019, and February 12, 2021. Overall, 2 periods were studied: 1 year before and 1 year during the pandemic. SAS Text Miner analyzed the data and produced 47% (9/19) of the topics in the first period and 53% (10/19) of the topics in the second period. The 19 topics were organized into 6 broad themes. RESULTS: Overall, 26% (5/19) of the topics obtained during each period were the same, showing consistency in conversation. In total, 6 broad themes were created: fatherhood thoughts, fatherhood celebrations, advice seeking, fatherhood announcements, external parties targeting fathers, and miscellaneous. CONCLUSIONS: Fathers use social media to make announcements, celebrate fatherhood, seek advice, and interact with other fathers. Others used social media to advertise baby products and promote baby-related resources for fathers. Overall, the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic appeared to have little impact on the excitement and resiliency of new fathers as they transition to parenthood. Altogether, these findings provide insight and guidance on the ways in which public health professionals can rapidly gather information about special populations-such as new and expecting fathers via the web-to monitor their beliefs, attitudes, emotional reactions, and unique lived experiences in context (ie, throughout a global pandemic).

Review article: Parenting leaves, workplace characteristics, male health, and the pandemic: Currents in policy-related fatherhood research in higher income countries

Objective: This review article provides an overview on the state of policy-related fatherhood research in high income countries. Background: The review article focuses on four main currents of multi-disciplinary policy-related fatherhood research. The first considers the research on national level parenting leaves. The second explores research on organisation and workplace policies. The third presents research on policies around male health and fatherhood practices. The fourth looks at the impact of COVID-19 related policies on fathers. Method: This is a review article and so presents a review of the literature. It is not a systematic literature review but rather aims to show the benefit of multi-disciplinary conversation within fatherhood research. Results: Commonalities are found across the four policy-related areas in terms of key questions, but also in terms of research gaps. Conclusion: There is consensus around what works for engaging fathers across policy contexts. There is perhaps a paradox in that `de-gendered' policies are usually most effective, but that fathers need to recognise that these degendered policies are for them.

The Pandemic Period and the Parent-Child Relationship

The aim of this study is to investigate parents' relationships with their children during the pandemic period. The study is a qualitative research study and was conducted with a case study design. The study group of this research consisted of 19 parents. The study group was selected using the criterion sampling method of purposive sampling. The criteria specified in this research were that parents should have a child attending preschool and at least a secondary school level of education. The research data were gathered during the 2019-2020 academic year via interviews conducted with parents having at least one child who was still receiving preschool education, using a semi-structured interview form. The study variables were age, occupation, education level, number of children, and cohabitation status of the parents. The data obtained from the interviews were analysed using the content analysis method. Accordingly, the researcher aimed to assess, through content analysis, the reasons for directly unobservable or non-quantifiable behaviours of the parents by conducting interviews. The research findings revealed that the positive aspects of the parent-child relationship during the pandemic were stated to be spending time together, sharing, doing activities, and communication, while the negative aspects were reported as social isolation, domestic conflicts, and mobile phone addiction. Changes in the mother-child relationship during the pandemic were revealed to be related to knowing each other, spending time together, conflicts, and obeying rules, while in terms of the father-child relationship, changes were seen in communication, doing activities and sense of responsibility. While participants evaluated domestic relationships positively with regard to being together, being supportive and positive communication, they regarded them negatively in terms of conflicts, communication problems and boredom. Lastly, participants stated that educational activities, playing games, watching educational videos and preparing food were the activities on which the most time was spent.

Changes in parental involvement and perceptions in parents of young children during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional observational study in Japan.

This study aimed to clarify changes in parental involvement with their children and parental perceptions related to parenting in both fathers and mothers of young children during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A cross-sectional observational design was used. Data were collected using a web-based questionnaire from 28 fathers and 115 mothers between October 1 and November 30, 2020. Parents answered questions regarding themselves, basic sociodemographic variables, perceived changes in involvement with their children, the presence or absence of abusive behavior (e.g., violence toward children), and parental perceptions related to parenting. Many parents indicated that they did not experience major changes in their involvement or perceptions compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic. Half of the fathers considered themselves to be in more physical contact or communication with their children; there was a significant difference between fathers and mothers regarding eating meals with their children (p = 0.00). Fathers felt tired due to parenting (35.7%) or a lack of free time (42.9%) during the COVID-19 pandemic. While significantly more mothers than fathers responded that their partners took care of their children (p = 0.03), significantly greater number of mothers than fathers also reported feeling overburdened (p = 0.00). Family support workers should help fathers maintain involvement with their young children without high stress levels and support mothers to reduce their heavy burden of parenting continuously. This would contribute to young childrens growth and development despite a public health crisis.